Automotive Castings

Ningbo Zhenhai Xinxie Machinery Co.,Ltd. is s a new investment casting foundry was founded in 2001,located in Ningbo of china flourish harbor city, which is next to Shanghai port,serveing as china two biggest exporting ports.

die casting , Aluminum Die Casting , Aluminum Casting

The company occupies 100,000 square meters and the total capital is over 100 million yuan. We have 25sets of advanced vacuum die casting machine with capacity of 160 T, 280T,350T,650T, 800T,1250T,1600T and 2000T which are from TOSHIBA, TOYO or UBE. And more than 28 sets of CNC, 6 sets of NC-lathe , also we have about 160 sets of other machining equipments. Main products of the company are aluminum die casting , aluminum casting , zinc die casting , zlloy die casting , aluminum sand casting, which are widely applied to many fields, e.g., automobile, motorcycle, electric machine, communication and hardware etc. Annual total output can be more than 12,000 tons.



We have high level technique and a large number of engineers .They have the ability to design mold ,technical developing and machining. We have a line of inspection instrument include spectrum analyzer, CMM, X-ray flaw detector. We have successively passed ISO/TS16949 quality system and ISO140001 environment system. With the management policy of "expanding market externally, strengthening management internally, credit management and striving for benefits" and the quality policy of "Perfect quality pursuing and satisfying needs of customers", we have gained wide reputation among clients both at home and abroad for quality products and complete service.

Zinc Die Casting , Alloy Die Casting , Aluminum sand casting , Surface Finished(plating) , Die Casting Products

"To be high-level supplier ,to build science&technical great huicheng"is our eternity pursuit.

Air compressors have been around for well over 100 years and have as many uses as there are tools that use air. One reason for their popularity is because air as a resource is safe, flexible, clean and convenient. These machines have evolved into highly reliable pieces of equipment that are almost indispensable in most of the applications they serve. Compressors can come in a wide variety of different types and sizes.

Ultimately, as with any tool, air tools and the compressors that drive them, have to save the user time and money on any given project. Most compressed air tools are more powerful and typically lighter than standard electric tools or battery powered cordless tools. They are used by virtually every industrial sector from aircraft to automobiles to dairy farming to textiles.

While there are many types of compressors, they all perform the same function, which is to increase the pressure and reduce the volume of a given gas such as air. The most common type of compressors work by filling a chamber with air and then reducing the chamber’s volume. These are called positive displacement compressors. They are the most widely available compressors and include reciprocating, rotary screw and rotary vane compressors.

Of all the positive displacement compressors, Reciprocating or Piston compressors are the most commonly available on the market and can be found in ranges from fractional to very high horsepower. These compressors are sold world wide by many mass marketers and a large variety of retail outlets.

Rotary compressors (Screw and Vane) and the centrifugal compressors are also commonly found but in more of an industrial/commercial environment. Normally they are operated at significantly higher horsepower and flow rates, which makes them more expensive buy and to operate. For more information on rotary compressors please visit www.daveycompressor.com.

The following paragraphs contain some very general information on piston compressors that will allow for a more informed decision concerning the type and size of compressor being considered.

Single Stage and Two Stage Reciprocating Pumps

Reciprocating (Piston) Compressors can be widely found in two primary configurations; Single Stage and Two Stage.

Single stage air compressors work by drawing air in and subsequently compressing the air to its final pressure in single piston stroke. Single stage air compressors can attain pressures of up to 150 PSI. Typically, a single stage pump will have a higher CFM(Cubic Feet per Minute) rating than a two stage pump because every cylinder is drawing in air and compressing it with air during every rotation.

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Two stage air compressors work in a very similar manner with the primary difference being that they compress the air in 2 steps or stages. During the first step or stage, air is drawn in and compressed to an intermediate pressure. After being compressed in the first stage, the air is piped, usually through an intercooler where the air is allowed to cool, to be compressed in the final or second stage. Two stage compressors are normally good for pressures

Researchers found toxic chemicals from recycled newspapers had contaminated food sold in many cardboard cartons.

The chemicals, known as mineral oils, come from printing inks.

Cereal firm Jordans has stopped using recycled cardboard and other firms are to ensure their recycled packaging does not contain any toxic oils.

Kellogg's and Weetabix said they were taking steps to reduce the amount of mineral oil in their packaging.

Exposure to mineral oils has been linked to inflammation of internal organs and cancer.

Government scientists in Switzerland found quantities of mineral oils between 10 and 100 times above the agreed limit in foods like pasta, rice and cereals sold in cartons made from recycled cardboard.

'Frightening' potential

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Should there be any evidence from our study - and we will carry out a risk assessment - we will take immediate action to protect the public.”

Terry Donohoe
Food Standards Agency
In one scientific paper they describe the potential for mineral oils to migrate into foodstuffs as "frightening".

However, the Swiss food safety authorities have concluded that consumers who eat a balanced and varied diet have no need to worry.

In a statement Jordans said that, as an environmentally responsible company which had previously used largely recycled packaging, it had taken the decision to abandon it reluctantly, but felt it was sensible.

The BBC investigation found other food companies were aware of the issue - but none had so far followed Jordans' lead.

More than half the cardboard used in Europe is made from recycled materials.

So-called "virgin board" from newly harvested trees is more expensive and there is not enough of it to replace recycled card completely.

The research has been led by Dr Koni Grob at the government-run food safety laboratory of the Canton of Zurich.

In one study for the German food ministry last year he and his colleagues tested a sample of 119 products bought from German supermarkets.

They found mineral oils passed easily through many of the inner bags used to keep food dry and fresh.


More than half of Europe's cardboard is made from recycled materials
The longer a product stood on the shelves, the more mineral oil it was likely to absorb.

Dr Grob told the BBC: "Roughly 30 products from these 119 were free of mineral oil.

"For the others they all exceeded the limit, and most exceeded it more than 10 times, and we calculated that in the long run they would probably exceed the limit 50 times on average and many will exceed it several hundred times."
Ala: paper packaging , corrugated boxes , injection molded packaging , clamshells , clamshell packaging

The agreed safe limit for mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons, derived from an expert evaluation carried out for the UN's Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Health Organisation, is a migration of 0.6mg per kilogram.

Water is purchased much the same way we purchase electricity. A meter measures the range of gallons that enters the water program, either in cubic feet or in hundreds of gallons. The meter, which isn't equipped to record the huge numbers used by most foodservice locations, will show a basic range.

The meter reader takes that range and multiplies it by a constant figure, known as the constant multiplier. For instance, if the meter shows 1200 and the multiplier is 100, we have consumed 120,000 gallons. Whenever you turn on a sink in your kitchen, the drinking water rushes out at 50 to 100 psi. This stress is a lot more than sufficient to get it from the city's pipes to the building, which only takes up to 20 psi.

The excess pressure is used to move drinking water into numerous pipes throughout the facility. his is called the upfeed system of getting water. Actually, 50 to 100 psi is strong enough to supply water to the upstairs area of a making four to six stories high. If your facility is in a taller making than that, you'll most likely require water pumps to boost the stress and flow.

Pumps could be utilized to increase drinking water stress; valves (called regulation valves) can be utilized to decrease it. Your goal is to control the drinking water coming into your facility to avoid fluctuating pressure or an uneven flow rate. And whenever there's a possibility that contaminated drinking water could backflow into the potable water program, a backflow preventor should be installed.

Backflow may occur whenever a piece of equipment, such as a commercial dishwasher, is capable of creating stress that is greater than the incoming pressure of its supply line. The segments from the typical upfeed program are:

Water meter: The device that records water consumption. It is the last point of the public drinking water utility's service. Anything on "your" side from the drinking water meter, including all pipes and maintenance, is your responsibility, not the water company's.

Service pipe: The primary supply line between the meter and the building.

Fixture branch: A pipe that carries drinking water to a single fixture. It could be vertical or horizontal and carry warm or cold drinking water.

Riser: A vertical pipe that extends 20 or a lot more feet. It can carry warm or cold water.

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Fixtures: The devices (faucets, toilets, sinks) that permit the water to be used by guests and/or employees.

Hot-water heater: The tank utilized to heat and store hot drinking water.

Pipes: The tubes which are fitted together to supply a program for water to travel via. They could be copper, brass, galvanized steel, or even plastic. Building codes determine what materials are acceptable for various uses. Copper is the most costly kind of pipe, but it's considered simple and economical to work on.

Plastic pipes are allowed only for limited, special uses. Probably the most typical type of plastic pipe is made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). It is inexpensive, corrosion resistant, and has a long life, if you're allowed to use it.

Fittings: The joints of the pipe program. They fit onto the ends of pipes, allowing them to make turns and to connect to each other and to other appliances or fixtures. Some of their names describe their shapes, and also the most well-liked fittings include the bushing, cap, coupling, elbow, plug, and tee. Some fittings have threads (either internal or external) to become screwed into place; others are compression type.

Valves: Valves control drinking water flow, and are created of brass, copper, or cast iron. Use of the correct valve minimizes plumbing difficulties. Gate valves are used to vary drinking water flow and permit water to go in either direction. Check valves permit water to flow only one way. They're marked with an arrow indicating the direction of flow.

Ceramic ball bearing is a kind of bearing which has something different from other types of ball bearings. And in today's industries, there are more and more new categories of bearing products are developed to meet specific requirements.

Hybrid bearings are more and more commonly to be seen by us. One of the predominant applications for hybrid bearings is angular contact sets for high speed machine tool spindles. This application utilizes some of the key properties of the ceramic balls compared to steel: lower mass. The mass of a ceramic ball is about 40% of that of a steel ball of the same size. This means the hybrid ceramic bearing operates with less friction, less ball skidding, lower moment from gyro-spin, and therefore, lower operating temperature for a given speed, and higher limiting speed for a given size.

The hybrid ceramic ball bearing generally refers to a bearing assembly consisting of inner and outer rings of standard bearing steel, with silicon nitride ceramic balls. For some applications, the properties of the bearing with ceramic balls offer functional improvements in several different areas over a conventional all-steel bearing. There are many properties of the hybrid ceramic ball bearings.
Ball Bearings , Special Bearings
First of all, this kind of bearing has higher stiffness. A hybrid ceramic design typically increases Ball Bearing stiffness by 15 to 20% compared to all-steel. This allows increased cutting accuracy, as the spindle deflects less under load. Overall vibration is also reduced.

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Secondly, they hold potential benefits for a variety of bearing applications such as the smooth surface finish and high hardness. Bearing-grade ceramic balls are harder than bearing steel balls and have very good surface finish. Wear between the surfaces is reduced, and there is no cold welding between the ceramic ball and steel raceways under poor lube conditions. Therefore, the hybrid design generally requires less lubricant and is more forgiving of marginal lubrication than the all-steel design. The high hardness of the ceramic balls also makes them more resistant to surface-initiated damage from contaminant particles.

Thirdly, they have better corrosion resistance. The chemically inert ceramic balls will not corrode ¨C a potentially important issue for bearing applications such as food machinery and medical tools.

Now that you've invested in an air compressor to run all of your air tools you're going to have to learn how to keep it up and running. Because the standard handyman's air compressors don't typically require daily upkeep, it's easy to forget about them and neglect their upkeep. This can be a costly oversight so it's vital for you to keep an eye on the following maintenance tips.

Maintenance Tip 1: Read and Follow Your Air Compressor's Manual

Nothing stops an air compressor faster than an owner who doesn't read the owner's manual. There's going to be some simple tips in there for you that will help you to get a nice long life out of your air compressor - simple stuff for you to do that you would never have thought to do unless you read it. Plus, if you don't follow the rules in your air compressor manual there's a chance that you'll void your warranty. That in itself should be enough of an incentive to read the "flipping" manual.

Maintenance Tip 2: Drain The Moisture From The Tanks

The receiver tank collects moisture from the air that it's compressing - especially if you live in a humid climate. Most tanks have a valve for draining this moisture that accumulates and it's up to you to make sure that these are drained regularly. Before draining the water you should be sure to release the air pressure from the tanks.

Maintenance Tip 3: Clean Intake Vents

If you force your air compressor to work too hard to intake air you're losing power on your compression. This will gradually degrade the quality of your tool. Be sure to keep your intake vent as clean as possible and check them regularly especially if you're working in a dusty or dirty environment.

Maintenance Tip 4: Tighten All Fasteners

Your air compressor's a running, vibrating engine and it will loosen its screws, nuts and bolts on a regular basis. Be sure to check these periodically and tighten them up if you find any that have jiggled loose.

Maintenance Tip 5: Check Hoses Regularly

Check all your hoses periodically as they are the veins of your air compressor. If they become cracked or corroded they could soon begin to leak and then put undue strain on the rest of your compressor's components. Be sure to check them and replace them if you find them cracked or damaged.

Maintenance Tip 6: Test the Safety Shutdown System

Your air compressor may have a built in safety shut down. The function of this system is to shut off your compressor if it's getting too hot, or if the engine's oil pressure is too low. This test will help you ensure a longer lasting compressor.

Maintenance Tip 7: Check and Change Air Filters As Needed

A filthy air filter is only hurting your air compressor by allowing dirty air from the outside in, plus forcing it to work harder to intake air. Check your filters regularly and change them if you notice a heavy build up of dust and dirt. Change every six months or so if you use it infrequently.

Maintenance Tip 8: Clean the Fuel Tank

As with any engine you need to periodically clean out the fuel tank to ensure optimal operating conditions. You should look to clean out the engine on your air compressor once every year or so to remove any residual build up from the fuel. This will preserve the life of your engine.

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Maintenance Tip 9: Check and Change the Compressor Oil

If you're running a compressor that uses oil you should be checking it on a daily basis to make sure that your machine is topped off. Then, every 500-1000 hours of use you should be changing this oil to ensure maximum functioning of your air compressor.

Maintenance Tip 10: Change the Separator Element

The separator element prevents the excessive use of oil, but it has to be replace periodically. Keep your compressor in top condition by replacing the separator element every 1,000 hours of operation.

Maintenance Tip 11: Clean the Heat Exchangers

If your heat exchangers are dirty then they can't do their job, which is to reduce the operating temperatures of your air compressor. Clean them regularly to keep your operating temperatures down and increase the life span of your air compressor.

A team of civil servants in the city's water-management department has been working to reformulate the $600-million project that was cancelled last year after Montreal auditor-general Jacques Bergeron released a damning report on irregularities, including that the competition was narrowed to award a $355.8-million contract that went to the consortium Génieau to buy and manage 30,500 industrial and commercial water meters and underground water flow regulators.

The team, which has been working for the city manager's office, is expected to present a proposal sometime this year, Hervé Logé, a section chief in the water-management department, said yesterday.
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Logé works for a separate team that is responsible for managing 50,000 existing municipal meters, 7,000 of which are in industrial, commercial and institutional buildings and 43,000 are in homes.

The city executive committee authorized a call for tenders on Wednesday to replace 2,200 outdated or broken meters, the city announced yesterday. The meters are expected to be delivered later this year, Logé said.

The replacement operation "is not linked to the project to relaunch the installation of water meters in (industrial, commercial and institutional buildings)," a civil service report on the matter says. It's an administrative decision based on the need to maintain existing meters to ensure readings and billing are accurate, it adds.

However, the report also says the Quebec government is developing a water conservation plan that will require municipalities to put water meters in industrial, commercial and institutional buildings. It will also require municipalities to accurately track over-all consumption using readings from water meters.

The city plans to get municipal staff to install half of the 2,200 replacement meters that are destined for industrial, commercial and institutional buildings, Logé said. The other half of the meters are residential and are destined for the boroughs of LaSalle and St. Laurent, which will manage their installation, he said.

John Boyd Dunlop invented the first functional pneumatic tyre in 1888 and very soon after he began the world's very first tyre business beginning an entirely new industry

John Dunlop was born on the 5th of February 1840 in Dreghorm, North Ayrshire, at the farm where his parents lived. He studied at the University of Edinburgh to become a vet, which had been a career he pursued in his home town for almost a decade prior to relocating to Downpatrick, Northern Ireland. In 1867 He founded The Downe Veterinary Clinic together with James Dunlop - his brother - prior to relocating to a practice in Belfast.

Influenced by revolutionary technological innovation, he developed the earliest original-equipment radial road tyre; The Dunlop Company introduced the very first usage of Kevlar belts in motorcycle tyres; as well as continuing to steer the industry towards ground breaking firsts, including the 20 inch front tyre for using off-road, as well as top quality tyres for mini-moto motorcycle riders.

In 1920, Dunlop opened the first motorcycle tyre manufacturing factory in America. Situated in Buffalo, New York State, The Dunlop Company remains to be the only company producing motorbike tyres within the United States. The Dunlop Company has been making high quality, ground breaking and inventive products for longer than a century.

Dunlop's advancement of the pneumatic tyre came at a significant time in along with the creation of the road transport network and in subsequent months in 1890 industrial manufacturing commenced in Belfast.

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Much like a lot of other good innovations, the thinking behind a pneumatic tyre had not been exclusive to John Dunlop. During 1845 a fellow inventor, Robert William Thompson had patented another similar concept however it was never fully developed. The Dunlop organisation had an advantage over all of the opposition due to having a head start in production of the tyres and Thompson brought up an opposition, however his version of the tyre had been somewhat different and much more expensive to manufacture and consequently, Dunlop could carry on manufacturing tyres.

Within ten years of opening up the manufacturing plant practically all wheels made use of pneumatic tyres enabling the Dunlop company to carry on to expanding, to eventually grow to be the Dunlop Rubber Co. Ltd along with the international Dunlop and & Rubber Corporation.

Dunlop allocated his rights to his patent to William Harvey Du Cros, to acquire 1,500 shares in a resulting business and in the end failed to earn very much money form his innovation. Dunlop passed away in Dublin, and is laid to rest in Deans Grange Cemetery in Ireland.

Currently Dunlop Tyres produce a wide range of tyres including car and motorcycle tyres. Their range of motorcycle tyres is one of the widest of any motorcycle tyre manufacturer with tyres to suite every type of motorbike for all uses including use on road and racetrack.

If you have had the misfortune of driving on the Interstate with 18-Wheelers who engage in dangerous and life threatening driving, you are certainly not alone. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) along with the Department of Transportation (DOT) regulates specific driving practices and procedures for these dangerous trucks and drivers.

After spending years driving as cautiously as possible on the Interstates, my heart still skips a beat and my knuckles grip my own steering wheel out of fear every time I see a truck bearing down on my "much smaller" vehicle. My worst fear was being trapped on all sides by these "highway giants"..... boxed in and no where to go. It happened! Although I kept telling myself it was going to be okay...the trucker on my right had a "blowout" and veered far right into a lane with traffic trying to merge onto the Interstate. All I could hear were brakes and smell rubber burning, and maybe the sound of my own heart beating overtaken with fear. Luckily, there were no injuries or fatalities that time.

The odds of being injured severely or even fatally injured are increased by the size and weight of the vehicles involved in the crash. When you look into your rear view mirror and all you see is the "grill" of an 18-wheeler you know the length of highway it would take them to stop is much greater than yours. If the traffic in front of you has to stop suddenly....you then become a victim of an 18-wheeler collision.

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Designer items have become very attractive to people all over the world. Such items are known for the exquisite quality that they possess and the elaborate styles that give them elegance. They are designed with perfection to add oomph to a person's entire appearance and personality. But unfortunately they come at exorbitant rates. Yet the expensive tags have not deterred their popularity. Their popularity increases due to their high prices. They are not only fashion accessories but they also attach a symbol of status to the consumer. But the designer handbags are inaccessible for most of the people as they are very expensive. But these days one can own the trend and style of a designer bag as replica handbags are easily available and that to at wholesale rates. These bags are as good as the original brands yet they are available at affordable rates. Handbag lovers can now save a lot of money buying the replica handbags.

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Earlier, wholesale replica handbags were not acceptable or rather they were looked down upon. Fashion elitists considered them to be detestable. Designer bags were the staple of people belonging to some sort of exclusive circle. But these days they are being accepted and there is a great demand for such items. Perhaps the recession has brought out this change in the perception of the high society people. People from every rank of the society have suffered credit crunch and hence many people have started feeling that buying pricey products are rather frivolous when people can't fulfill their basic necessity. But recession didn't hamper the fashion industry, neither people stop wearing trendy clothes and using fashion accessories. Hence, replica bags gained acceptance and became popular with each passing day.

These handbags are cheaper than the original brands, yet they have class. The price is the main reason for the acceptability of these items. These bags also have a lot of function and can be used for all the purposes any original designer handbag is used. These are made by good manufacturers, but you must be very careful while buying replicas. Check the product thoroughly and make sure that you are getting your money's worth. Along with good replicas, that are high quality products from reputed manufacturers, poor ones are also available which may cost the same as the good ones but won't last long.

Every metal casting you produce will require some kind of finishing operation before it becomes a useful, serviceable casting. Finishing of castings can be a laborious job if carried out entirely by hand, luckily for the home metal craftsman or woman (yes. there are a few women who are involved with metal casting) there are a number of very handy tools which can be used to great effect to remove flashings, fins, sprues, risers & dags, which remain after the casting operation.

The number one tool in the workshop is a reliable 4" angle grinder, they can be fitted with a coarse-grained resinoid grinding wheel which are known to remove aluminium, bronze or brass metal at a rapid rate with out clogging up.

The 4" angle grinder will also eccept an abrasive metal cut-off wheel, which is used to cut off the sprues and risers from bronze or aluminium castings. The big 9" angle grinders can also be used to cut & grind any large size castings.

Angle grinders big & small can also be fitted with the abrasive flap type wheel which are a multi layered grit wheel. Flap wheel finishing will give a very smooth lustrous finish on any type of metal, good quality flap wheels can be expensive to buy,they remove metal quickly and will last quite a long time, so they are worth the money.

Another machine metal finishing worth the expense, is the belt
linishing tool, of which there are several different brands available. They are supplied with belts ranging from coarse to fine, a handy feature of the machine is the ability to carry out a quick belt change.

Finishing and preparation of a number of castings can be done in
a very short time using this type of machine, the linishing machine is attached to a one horsepower bench grinder, and once you install and use one; you will wonder how you ever did without it.

They are expensive to buy, but as you do more & more castings,
you will need a faster & better finishing system for your castings. A very handy linishing belt is the scotch brite belt, this belt will give a beautiful finish on any type of metal, cast or other wise.

Now, we are not advocating for you to rush out tomorrow to spend a sqillion on new tools, as quite a bit of excellent finishing can be achieved with normal hand tools.There is not much sense in
spending a large amount of money if you don't have a great need.
But you'll know when it's time to buy some good power tools, if
you don't already own some.

And of course, once you finish with all of the initial grinding
and cleaning, you may want to give the item a high polish.
A calico cloth buffing wheel mounted on your bench grinder,
and some special buffing compound will put a mirror finish on
your unique casting creation.

And don't forget to also buy and wear a pair of eye safety goggles, or wear a full face shield, plus a pair of thick leather gloves to protect your hands & fingers. Resinoid and abrasive cut off wheels throw a huge amount of hot particles of sharp splinter shaped metal...which could inflict VERY serious injury to your eyes and skin.

Metal craft hobbies can provide a lot of enjoyment but you need to be careful at the same time.

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Buying designer handbags is considered a luxury for most people. These bags cost a fortune which is why some people just consider this as their dream. Lucky for most women, there are some who do not want their old designer handbags anymore. What these people do is that they sell their old handbags for a cheaper price. If you do not have enough money for these things, you can still enjoy having your own designer handbags.

There is nothing wrong about buying used handbags. In fact, this is a very practical move that you can take when you want to have a designer handbag. Money will always be a factor when you buy these bags. If you are on a budget, it does not mean that you can never have your own handbags. In fact, you can possibly have your handbags without paying so much.

Uses handbags are not as bad as you think. Most used designer handbags are still in good condition. You'd be surprised at how these still look like brand new. True enough, these handbags which are sold are rarely used. The women who buy these handbags are usually the trendsetters. What they do is that they buy something as soon as they come out in the stores. As soon as there are newer bag designs that are coming out, they sell these bags so that they can buy a new one. So there is no need to worry about the condition of the bags when you purchase them.

Most used handbags are sold in consignment shops. The advantage of visiting one is that you are able to see the bags live and in person. If you want to inspect these bags, it will be easier for you to see if the bags are in good condition. This is also helpful when you want to guarantee if the bags are authentic or not. Take a visit to your nearest consignment shops and check out what they have to offer you. If there is a specific handbag that you are looking for, you don't hesitate to ask them. Sometimes, people do have a hard time looking for a specific handbag models because these usually come in on piece. There are other stores that you can check out if you really want the specific handbag.

There are so many websites that offer selling used handbags. One of these sites is eBay.com where they carry around hundreds of bags that they sell to the people. Before buying here, you need to make sure that you do your research. Check out the minor details that you have to look for when purchasing an authentic handbag. If the pictures are not enough, you can always request for more. This will make it easier for you t*o shop for used designer handbags.

You do not have to spend too much when you want to look stylish. There are so many people who sell their used designer handbags. You just have to know where to look and how to buy them. Start shopping now and get your handbags that you can show the whole world.
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Ever since Daimler and Maybach introduced the first primitively designed model Reitwagen in 1885, motorcycles have been a rage among the youth and adventure seekers. Usually viewed as powerful and fuel efficient vehicles, they dominate the markets in Asia and the United States, among others. There are a number of different models of motorbikes, as manufactured by different companies. They vary in structural designs, technical aspects, size, color, and so on. The sports bike requires a marked forward bent by the rider. The standard road version allows a straight posture with a little incline, depending upon the height of the rider. The cruiser versions are ergonomically suitable vehicles with low-lying seats and higher handles. The time taken and complexity involved in drawing a motorbike depends upon the model chosen. The following steps will guide you on how to draw a motorcycle:

• Reference: Select the type from among the sports, standard, and cruiser bikes. Choose your brand and then the model. The preferable colors for bikes are usually black or steel gray. However, a wide choice of shades is available these days. Lastly, pick a suitable picture or a true vehicle as your model for drawing. The entire process requires thorough research that be conducted through the internet, books, magazines, product catalogues, newspapers, etc.

• Geometrical frame: Whether your model is symmetrical or asymmetrical, you will need precision drawing tools to construct your bike. Draw a straight line, at a slight angle to the horizontal, along the length of the main body. Draw two tangential circles at both the ends of the line. The size of the two circles will vary if the front and rear wheels are of different sizes. Usually, the back wheel is smaller in such cases. To aid in the right placement and measurement of the wheels, you can use another straight line that is tangential to circles diametrically. Draw a large triangle with two angles inside the circles and the third one at the top of the handle. This will effectively cover the largest part of the bike's body. The length of the sides of the triangle will depend on the shape of the main body.

• Details: Start with an elongated egg-shaped fuel tank, followed by a curved seat. Now, define the front and back fenders, handlebars, muffler system, tires, exhaust pipes, silencer, headlights, rear view mirrors, etc. It is a good idea to have a clear and large reference image, as it helps in including all the relevant details in the drawing.

• Shading: Some minor shading effects may be needed that can be created by standard drawing pencil or appropriate colors. A completed pencil sketch of the vehicle is a complicated looking design. Therefore, colors are a good choice even for a bichrome (black and steel) model.

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Investment Casting uses a mold that has been produced by surrounding an expendable pattern with a refractory slurry that sets at room temperature. The pattern (usually of wax or plastic) is then melted or burned out, leaving the mold cavity. Investment casting is also known as the "lost-wax process" and as "precision casting".

In sand casting, wood or metal pattern are used to make the impression in the molding material. The pattern can be re-used, but the mold is expendable. In Investment casting, a metal pattern die is used to produce the patterns, which, in turn, are used to produce ceramic molds. Both the pattern and molds are expendable. Ceramic cores are used, as required, and these also are expendable.

Investment casting is the most flexible of all the precision casting process with respect to attainable intricacy, precision and the variety of alloys that may be cast within its inherent size limitations. Of the various casting techniques, investment casting is both the newest and the oldest, depending on whether you consider it from the standpoint of industrial history or total genealogy.

Many exaggerated claims were made regarding the "precision" casting process. These claims could have lead many engineers to believe that they could safely discard their "old fashioned" machine tools. Many technical articles purported to establish the dimensional tolerances for production castings to limits as extreme as 0.0001 in. per inch. In reality, however, liner tolerances of 0.002-0.005 in. per inch where difficult to obtain. As a result, castings were incorrectly considered competitive (with respect to accuracy and economy) with modern machine tools.

Properly designed investment castings will afford economic advantages over alternate product designs intended for the same function. The gain occasionally is reflected in the initial cost. More often, it is the result of an increase of endurance or efficiency, which is not readily apparent. Many times, the first and final costs are less where the optimum design and alloy selection practices have been observed. If these factors are not applicable, then the use of the investment casting may not be warranted.

Of the casting methods in use- precision or conventional- the investment technique is the most flexible. It is competitive with all other casting processes where the size of the products is within a mutually castable range. Investment castings also compete with powder metal products, forgings, stampings, spinnings, coined parts, weldments, solderments, brasements and innumerable assembled parts held together with rivets, pins, bolts or other fasteners.

The significance of investment castings as an economical substitute for alternate hot or cold forming technique lies in that the process gives designers a major new technique to solve difficult production problems.

The designer may reconsider all of the aspects of a new or conversion design with non of the outside limitations usually applicable, such as :

1) How much is the raw material going to cost?

2) What will the economic value of the waste ?

3) How machinable is the alloy ?

4) Can the alloy be forged or welded, soldered or brazed? or

5) What corrosion problems will be caused by the assembly technique used ?

Investment casting has the potential to have a greater effect on product design than developments in any other single metal forming process.

Trident Steels manufactures Investment Castings to the most exacting standards and specifications and solicits enquiries from inland as well as foreign buyers. Send us your enquiries to:


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This is a mould casting process (permanent). This process is done by pouring molten metal into the mould from a vessel of ladle, there is no external force applied other than just. This works similar to the way sand castings are made, however it is possible to control filling by means of tilting the die. There are certain advantages using Gravity Die Casting over S Sand castings, these advantages are better mechanical properties and a better surface finish.

The type of components produced from this method of casting and ideally suited for medium and small companies, these castings often weigh about 20Kg and are produced from Zinc based Alloys. This type of casting allows for higher volumes of precision components to be produced, it also a very cost effective method for semi to high volumes with minimal finishing operations required, especially in comparison to sand casting. The equipment used to make this type of casting is called a Gravity Die Tooling and it is able to produce these castings for several years, it should not even require any form of refurbishment during this time. With use of multiple tooling production rates can be greatly increased and the components can also be heat treated to improve or adjust the characteristics.

This is quite a specialised field and should you require it I suggest you have a good look around, read up on the companies that offer this service, search around the internet and find the one that best suits your needs.


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What is a sand casting? How dose it comes out? The following passages would give you some answers.

Have you seen a large metal made of iron, bronze, brass of aluminum with some featured patterns in the middle? Have you noticed a cavity of wood or metal? If you say yes, I think you have already got the idea of casting. The sand is a cast part produced by forming a mold from a sand mixture and pouring molten liquid metal into the cavity in the mold. After the process of cooling, the melted metal has been solidified. At the last, a sand casting would be gotten just separated from the mold. Generally speaking, it is produced as follows.

The basic step is to place a pattern in sand to create a mold. It should be mentioned that the mould has two parts divided by the parting line. The cope is the upper half and the drag is the lower half.
And as you know, there are 2 main types of sand. One is called the "green sand", and the other is the "air set". The previous one is a mixture of silica sand, and the latter one is dry sand with other material through curing adhesive.

Then, remove the pattern and pour the melted metal to the mold. You can use the vibration and mechanical method to remove the pattern. And the cope is separated from drag. Within the mechanical methods, the sand mixture is assembled to for a mold cavity. According to the different types of sand, the change happened during this process is different. Whatever, a riser is needed to hold excess molten material to avoid the holes in the main casting.

Next, allow the metal to cool. At this moment, the liquids are solidified. It is time for you to break away the mold and remove the casting. It is true that the mold is destroyed in the removal process. However, the pattern itself can be reused to produce new sand molds. And if you want a more elaborate casting, surfaces should be polished.

The producing process appears to be simple. But it is definitely not. It is certain that each one hopes to produce a casting with high accuracy. It is a work which needs enough practice. During the process of casting, it is advisable to reuse some of the components of the sand mixture lost in the thermal casting process. Whatever, the material determines a lot. Generally speaking, sand castings made from coarse green sand impart a rough texture on the surface of the casting which makes them easy to identify. However, air-set molds can produce castings with much smoother surfaces.



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Storage company Iomega today introduced its latest creation, a pocket-sized (1.8-inch) external solid state drive with a metal enclosure that features a USB 3.0 interface enabling maximum read and write speeds of 191 MB/s and 130 MB/s, respectively.

Packing MLC (multi-level cell) NAND Flash memory chips, the new SSD can withstand drops of up to 10 feet, provides 256-bit hardware encryption, has a MTBF (mean time before failure) of 1.2 million hours, has a three-year warranty and is bundled with cloning and backup software, as well as with a one year subscription to Trend Micro Internet Security for the PC, or Trend Micro™ Smart Surfing software for Mac.

Iomega's flashy drive will be available early next month in 64GB ($229), 128GB ($399) and 256GB ($749) capacities.


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Bee Line Company announces the addition of a new mobile alignment system package to its heavy-duty tractor and trailer wheel alignment product line. This mobile alignment system is a variation of the firm’s LC7000 Series computer alignment gauging system and has the same features including:

1) The ability to gauge toe, rear tracking, and camber, the number one, two, and three culprits for steer tire wear.

2) The ability to easily self-calibrate, ensuring the equipment is always accurate.

3) The ability to align wheels to the centerline of the chassis, ensuring maximum tire life.

4) The ability to gauge the alignment of tractors and trailers fast with a computerized system.

Bee Line’s mobile package includes a laptop computer running the company’s WindSpeed alignment software instead of a large cabinet and desktop PC. Every major component has been redesigned to improve mobility and efficiency including new wireless gyro alignment heads, the new 22000 rear axle aligner, and new FPT8500 floor plates. Transporting this equipment in a van or trailer is practical, making it suitable to perform alignments on location.

This equipment package targets private mobile alignment providers and commercial tire dealers that offer a mobile alignment service to augment their fleet tire service.


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Already deeply involved in a number of “high-profile” local business ventures at the time, the visionary Howard S. Hart foresaw the need for the manufacture of American ball bearings as early as 1909.

After he’d concluded that bearings made in England and Germany were too expensive he began researching both markets and methods at his Booth Street company, then known as Hart & Colley. (The other principal of the firm which eventually became Tuttle & Bailey was Norman P. Cooley.)

As a result of that research the Fafnir Bearing Co. was incorporated in 1911.

Hart and Colley contributed half the funds, which amounted to $100,000.
The remaining $50,000 came from the other stockholders which totaled less than 30.

Elisha Cooper was chosen as the general manager of the new enterprise. He never stopped serving the firm. The New Britain Centennial Souvenir Book, published in 1950, points out, “Until his death 36 years later as Chairman of the Board, (Cooper) dedicated his business life to Fafnir.”

The book’s un-bylined article on the early days of the iconic New Britain manufacturer was used as a primary resource in the preparation of this column.

At the turn of the 20th century bearings were used primarily by America’s fledgling auto industry. Hart saw many other applications on the horizon.

The early business plan called for “sufficient men and equipment to produce 100 to 150 ball bearings a day.”

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How many workers were deemed “sufficient” to achieve the company’s initial goals? Records show the answer to be just seven.

As American industry grew the local company grew with it, expanding to provide ball bearings for textile, aircraft, machine tool and agricultural equipment makers as well as mining and household appliance manufacturers.

Although it originally occupied just a small area of the Hart & Colley plant, Fafnir took over the entire facility within a few years and the parent company moved to a new location.

At one time, Fafnir’s devoted more than three-quarters of a million square feet of manufacturing space to its operations in New Britain.

At its pinnacle as the largest independent maker of ball bearings in America, the local company produced an incredible range of products. Virtually every type and size of bearing was listed in its catalog.

During World War II, when the nation needed ball bearings in unprecedented numbers it was Fafnir which responded with a fervor that was unmatched virtually anywhere else.

You recall the initial production schedule envisioned 100 to 150 bearings per day.

With the fate of the nation and the world hanging in the balance, the New Britain company found a way to produce an astonishing 100 ball bearings a minute, 24 hours a day, seven days a week for months on end.

Local workers took great pride not only in the quantity, but also in the quality of their contributions to the war effort.

Fafnir received many awards in fact for those efforts as the company continued to grow in size and importance.

By 1950 Fafnir had sales offices in 21 American cities, warehouses in 18 and a distribution network that spanned the globe.

Although subsequently acquired by other manufactures, the Fafnir Bearing Co. clearly also contributed to it’s hometown being nicknamed “The Hardware City of the World.”

In summing up, the author of the Centennial booklet article wrote, “The Fafnir Bearing Company … has grown from nothing to a business with thousands of employees and a pre-eminent position in the nation’s industrial affairs.”

Top auto executives projected sales growth of up to 10 percent this year in China, but this lone bright spot among the world's major car markets is also producing ambitious potential rivals to the global auto majors.

At the Shanghai Auto Show, the Chinese industry's premier annual event, domestic producers that have long relied on foreign partners' technology unveiled upmarket models under their own brands that they hope will propel them onto the global stage.

"Even as other markets shrink due to the global crisis, China has taken appropriate and timely policy steps to secure stable economic and car market growth," Toyota (7203.T) President Katsuaki Watanabe told a news conference at the auto show.

"We have even more hopes and expectations for the future of the Chinese market than ever before."

China overtook the United States as the world's largest auto market this year and year-on-year sales growth in March rebounded to more than 10 percent as government stimulus measures helped fuel a recovery in demand.

General Motors's (GM.N) China CEO Kevin Wale told a news conference at the auto show on Monday that his company, which is racing to complete a restructuring that could include a bankruptcy filing, expects its China sales to grow 5 to 10 percent this year.

Japan's Honda (7267.T) also projected its China sales would rise 10 percent in 2009, to 520,000 units.

GM posted a nearly 25 percent year-on-year rise in vehicle sales in China in March to 137,004 vehicles, a monthly record. 

"To remain a global industry leader, GM must remain an industry leader in China and Asia Pacific," added Nick Reilly, the company's Asia-Pacific chief.

LOFTY AMBITIONS

But global heavyweights will be facing stiffer competition from Chinese firms in future.

GM's joint venture partner in China, SAIC Motor, said sales of its own-brand passenger cars surged four-fold in the first quarter, although they were still a relatively modest 18,000 units.

China's BYD (1211.HK), a battery maker with lofty ambitions in electric cars, said it expects its auto sales to double this year to about 400,000 units.

And Chongqing Changan Auto (000625.SZ), Ford's (F.N) China partner, suggested the downturn that has battered so many foreign automakers could give Chinese companies a chance to leap onto the world stage through acquisitions.

"The longer the crisis lasts, the bigger the chance of failure or a scale-down of some American and European automakers," Changan Auto Chairman Xu Liuping told reporters on the sidelines of a news conference on Sunday.

"And that has provided a chance for entry by Chinese manufacturers."

Changan is among several Chinese automakers that have expressed interest in Ford's Volvo car brand, which the Detroit automaker is seeking to sell to raise cash.

But rather than focus on the potential threat from their Chinese peers, foreign auto executives at the Shanghai industry gala were focussing instead on opportunities in the newly crowned world leader among auto markets.

"We are at the moment on the lucky side in this part of the world because the financial crisis hasn't changed our approach or our forecast here in China," Ulrich Walker, head of Daimler's (DAIGn.DE) Northeast Asia operations, told Reuters in an interview on Sunday.

Nissan (7201.T) Senior Vice President Andy Palmer echoed those views at a news conference.Aluminum Castings

"This year has been turbulent as the global economic and financial crisis shows no sign of abating. Yet, despite the downtrend, China remains a bright spot for Nissan in terms of growth and its potential."

(Additional reporting by Michael Wei; Writing by Edmund Klamann; Editing by Lincoln Feast)