Automotive Castings

Investment Casting uses a mold that has been produced by surrounding an expendable pattern with a refractory slurry that sets at room temperature. The pattern (usually of wax or plastic) is then melted or burned out, leaving the mold cavity. Investment casting is also known as the "lost-wax process" and as "precision casting".

In sand casting, wood or metal pattern are used to make the impression in the molding material. The pattern can be re-used, but the mold is expendable. In Investment casting, a metal pattern die is used to produce the patterns, which, in turn, are used to produce ceramic molds. Both the pattern and molds are expendable. Ceramic cores are used, as required, and these also are expendable.

Investment casting is the most flexible of all the precision casting process with respect to attainable intricacy, precision and the variety of alloys that may be cast within its inherent size limitations. Of the various casting techniques, investment casting is both the newest and the oldest, depending on whether you consider it from the standpoint of industrial history or total genealogy.

Many exaggerated claims were made regarding the "precision" casting process. These claims could have lead many engineers to believe that they could safely discard their "old fashioned" machine tools. Many technical articles purported to establish the dimensional tolerances for production castings to limits as extreme as 0.0001 in. per inch. In reality, however, liner tolerances of 0.002-0.005 in. per inch where difficult to obtain. As a result, castings were incorrectly considered competitive (with respect to accuracy and economy) with modern machine tools.

Properly designed investment castings will afford economic advantages over alternate product designs intended for the same function. The gain occasionally is reflected in the initial cost. More often, it is the result of an increase of endurance or efficiency, which is not readily apparent. Many times, the first and final costs are less where the optimum design and alloy selection practices have been observed. If these factors are not applicable, then the use of the investment casting may not be warranted.

Of the casting methods in use- precision or conventional- the investment technique is the most flexible. It is competitive with all other casting processes where the size of the products is within a mutually castable range. Investment castings also compete with powder metal products, forgings, stampings, spinnings, coined parts, weldments, solderments, brasements and innumerable assembled parts held together with rivets, pins, bolts or other fasteners.

The significance of investment castings as an economical substitute for alternate hot or cold forming technique lies in that the process gives designers a major new technique to solve difficult production problems.

The designer may reconsider all of the aspects of a new or conversion design with non of the outside limitations usually applicable, such as :

1) How much is the raw material going to cost?

2) What will the economic value of the waste ?

3) How machinable is the alloy ?

4) Can the alloy be forged or welded, soldered or brazed? or

5) What corrosion problems will be caused by the assembly technique used ?

Investment casting has the potential to have a greater effect on product design than developments in any other single metal forming process.

Trident Steels manufactures Investment Castings to the most exacting standards and specifications and solicits enquiries from inland as well as foreign buyers. Send us your enquiries to:


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This is a mould casting process (permanent). This process is done by pouring molten metal into the mould from a vessel of ladle, there is no external force applied other than just. This works similar to the way sand castings are made, however it is possible to control filling by means of tilting the die. There are certain advantages using Gravity Die Casting over S Sand castings, these advantages are better mechanical properties and a better surface finish.

The type of components produced from this method of casting and ideally suited for medium and small companies, these castings often weigh about 20Kg and are produced from Zinc based Alloys. This type of casting allows for higher volumes of precision components to be produced, it also a very cost effective method for semi to high volumes with minimal finishing operations required, especially in comparison to sand casting. The equipment used to make this type of casting is called a Gravity Die Tooling and it is able to produce these castings for several years, it should not even require any form of refurbishment during this time. With use of multiple tooling production rates can be greatly increased and the components can also be heat treated to improve or adjust the characteristics.

This is quite a specialised field and should you require it I suggest you have a good look around, read up on the companies that offer this service, search around the internet and find the one that best suits your needs.


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What is a sand casting? How dose it comes out? The following passages would give you some answers.

Have you seen a large metal made of iron, bronze, brass of aluminum with some featured patterns in the middle? Have you noticed a cavity of wood or metal? If you say yes, I think you have already got the idea of casting. The sand is a cast part produced by forming a mold from a sand mixture and pouring molten liquid metal into the cavity in the mold. After the process of cooling, the melted metal has been solidified. At the last, a sand casting would be gotten just separated from the mold. Generally speaking, it is produced as follows.

The basic step is to place a pattern in sand to create a mold. It should be mentioned that the mould has two parts divided by the parting line. The cope is the upper half and the drag is the lower half.
And as you know, there are 2 main types of sand. One is called the "green sand", and the other is the "air set". The previous one is a mixture of silica sand, and the latter one is dry sand with other material through curing adhesive.

Then, remove the pattern and pour the melted metal to the mold. You can use the vibration and mechanical method to remove the pattern. And the cope is separated from drag. Within the mechanical methods, the sand mixture is assembled to for a mold cavity. According to the different types of sand, the change happened during this process is different. Whatever, a riser is needed to hold excess molten material to avoid the holes in the main casting.

Next, allow the metal to cool. At this moment, the liquids are solidified. It is time for you to break away the mold and remove the casting. It is true that the mold is destroyed in the removal process. However, the pattern itself can be reused to produce new sand molds. And if you want a more elaborate casting, surfaces should be polished.

The producing process appears to be simple. But it is definitely not. It is certain that each one hopes to produce a casting with high accuracy. It is a work which needs enough practice. During the process of casting, it is advisable to reuse some of the components of the sand mixture lost in the thermal casting process. Whatever, the material determines a lot. Generally speaking, sand castings made from coarse green sand impart a rough texture on the surface of the casting which makes them easy to identify. However, air-set molds can produce castings with much smoother surfaces.



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